The Texas House Insurance Committee will hold a hearing on several health insurance issues, including out-of-network surprise medical billing (balance billing),  on December 6:

Evaluate recent efforts by the Legislature and the Texas Department of Insurance to minimize instances of surprise medical billing and to ensure the adequacy of health insurance networks. Identify instances in which surprise billing most often occurs and ways to decrease its frequency through enhanced transparency or other methods.

The 2017 Legislature passed SB 507, which extended the mediation process to most providers.  If a patient receives a balance bill in the amount of $500 or more, the patient has the ability to challenge the bill.  This only applies to plans that are regulated by the Texas Department of Insurance.